Ancient Jericho Tell Es Sultan

The Ancient City of Jericho: A Comprehensive Guide

Located in the West Bank, near the city of Ariha (Jericho), lies one of the oldest continuously occupied cities in the world - Tell es-Sultan, also known as Ancient Jericho. This ancient city has a rich history spanning over 11,000 years, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the Neolithic period. As a tourist, you’ll be fascinated by the city’s incredible archaeological significance, its impressive architecture, and the many stories it holds.

History of Ancient Jericho

Early Settlements (10,000 - 3,000 BCE)

The earliest settlements in Jericho date back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period (10,000 - 9,500 BCE). During this time, the city was a small, circular village surrounded by a stone wall. The inhabitants of Jericho were some of the first people to domesticate plants and animals, marking the beginning of the Neolithic Revolution.

As the city grew, so did its importance. By the Early Bronze Age (3,000 - 2,200 BCE), Jericho had become a major urban center, with a population of over 2,000 people. The city was fortified with massive stone walls, and its inhabitants developed a sophisticated system of government and trade.

Conquests and Empires (2,200 BCE - 636 CE)

Jericho’s strategic location made it a prized conquest for various empires throughout history. The city was conquered by the Egyptians, Hittites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans, each leaving their mark on the city’s architecture, culture, and history.

One of the most famous stories about Jericho is its capture by Joshua and the Israelites, as described in the Bible. According to legend, the city walls came tumbling down after the Israelites marched around them seven times, blowing their trumpets.

Byzantine and Islamic Periods (636 - 1517 CE)

During the Byzantine period, Jericho became an important center of Christianity, with many churches and monasteries built in the area. The city remained a significant cultural and commercial hub until it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517 CE.

Modern Era (1517 CE - present)

In the 19th century, Jericho began to attract European explorers and archaeologists, who uncovered many of its ancient secrets. Today, Tell es-Sultan is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the West Bank, with thousands of visitors each year.

Must-See Attractions

The Ancient City Walls

The massive stone walls of Jericho are an awe-inspiring sight. Built around 8,000 years ago, they are some of the oldest and best-preserved city walls in the world.

The Tower of Jericho

This impressive tower, built around 9,000 years ago, is one of the oldest towers in the world. Its original purpose is still debated among archaeologists, but it’s believed to have served as a watchtower or a temple.

The Neolithic Shrine

This ancient shrine dates back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period and features some of the oldest examples of monumental architecture in the world.

The Hasmonean Palace

Built during the 2nd century BCE, this palace was once the residence of the Hasmonean dynasty, a group of Jewish rulers who governed Judea.

The Synagogue Church

This ancient church, built in the 6th century CE, features stunning mosaics and is one of the oldest synagogues in the world.

Tips for Visiting Ancient Jericho

Getting There

The site is located near the modern city of Ariha (Jericho), which can be reached by car or taxi from Jerusalem or other major cities in the West Bank.

Ticket Information

Tickets can be purchased at the site’s entrance, with prices varying depending on age and nationality. Guided tours are also available.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Ancient Jericho is during the spring (March - May) or autumn (September - November), when temperatures are mild and comfortable for walking.

What to Wear

Wear comfortable shoes, sun protection, and light, breathable clothing. Be respectful of the site’s cultural significance by covering your shoulders and knees.

Photography

Photography is allowed for personal use, but please be respectful of the site and other visitors. Commercial photography requires a permit.

Accommodations and Dining

Hotels

A range of hotels and guesthouses are available in Ariha (Jericho), from budget-friendly options to luxury resorts.

Restaurants

Try traditional Palestinian cuisine at one of the many restaurants in Ariha, featuring dishes such as maqluba, musakhan, and falafel. Don’t forget to try some fresh fruit juice or Arabic coffee!

Responsible Tourism

Respect the Site

Be mindful of your impact on the site and its surroundings. Take nothing but memories, leave nothing but bubbles.

Support Local Communities

Engage with local guides, purchase souvenirs from local vendors, and enjoy traditional Palestinian hospitality to support the local economy.

Environmental Awareness

Be aware of your water usage, reduce plastic waste, and respect the natural environment of the site and its surroundings.

Conclusion

Ancient Jericho is a treasure trove of history, architecture, and culture. As a tourist, you’ll be amazed by the city’s incredible significance and the many stories it holds. By following these tips and guidelines, you’ll ensure a respectful and enjoyable visit to this ancient wonder.

Remember to take your time, soak up the atmosphere, and appreciate the beauty and complexity of human civilization.