Fortress of Suomenlinna

The Ultimate Guide to Fortress of Suomenlinna: Uncovering the Hidden Gem of Helsinki

Located on an island off the coast of Helsinki, Finland, the Fortress of Suomenlinna is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions in the country. This extensive guide will take you on a journey through the history, architecture, and cultural significance of this magnificent fortress.

History of Suomenlinna

The Fortress of Suomenlinna was built by Sweden in the 18th century as a maritime fortress to protect the city of Helsinki from Russian attacks. The construction began in 1748 and took over 100 years to complete, with various stages of development and additions made over the centuries.

In 1808, Finland was annexed by Russia, and Suomenlinna became a Russian naval base. During the Crimean War, the fortress played a significant role in defending against British and French naval attacks.

In 1918, Finland declared its independence, and Suomenlinna became a Finnish military base until it was demilitarized in 1975. Today, the fortress is a popular tourist destination and a symbol of Finnish history and culture.

Architecture and Layout

The Fortress of Suomenlinna spans over six islands: Iso Mustasaari, Pikku Mustasaari, Länsi-Mustasaari, Susisaari, Särkkä, and Kustaanmiekka. The fortress is surrounded by a 5 km long wall, with bastions and gates that connect the different islands.

The architecture of Suomenlinna is a mix of Swedish, Russian, and Finnish styles, reflecting the various stages of its history. The fortress features impressive stone walls, wooden houses, and ornate churches.

Must-see Attractions

1. The King’s Gate

The grand entrance to the fortress, the King’s Gate is an imposing stone structure with a drawbridge that leads to the main island, Iso Mustasaari.

2. The Suomenlinna Church

Built in the 18th century, this beautiful church features a mix of Swedish and Russian architectural styles and offers stunning views of the surrounding islands.

3. The Ehrensvärd Museum

Dedicated to the life and legacy of Augustin Ehrensvärd, the founder of Suomenlinna, this museum showcases exhibits on the history of the fortress and its significance in Finnish culture.

4. The Bastion Zander

One of the most impressive bastions in the fortress, Zander offers breathtaking views of the Helsinki archipelago and is a great spot for photography.

5. The Suomenlinna Prison Museum

Housed in the former prison building, this museum tells the story of the prisoners who were held at Suomenlinna during its military days.

Things to Do

1. Guided Tours

Join a guided tour to explore the fortress and learn more about its history, architecture, and cultural significance.

2. Wander the Islands

Take a leisurely stroll through the islands, exploring the charming wooden houses, picturesque streets, and scenic views.

3. Visit the Markets

During the summer months, Suomenlinna hosts various markets selling traditional Finnish handicrafts, food, and souvenirs.

4. Attend an Event

Suomenlinna is a popular venue for cultural events, concerts, and festivals throughout the year. Check the official website for upcoming events.

5. Dine at a Local Café or Restaurant

Treat yourself to traditional Finnish cuisine and coffee at one of the many cozy cafes and restaurants on the island.

Practical Information

1. Getting There

Take a ferry from Helsinki’s Market Square (Kauppatori) to Suomenlinna. The journey takes around 15-20 minutes.

2. Opening Hours

The fortress is open year-round, but opening hours vary depending on the season. Check the official website for up-to-date information.

3. Admission Fees

There are no admission fees to enter the fortress, but some attractions and museums may charge a small fee.

4. Accessibility

Suomenlinna is partially wheelchair accessible, with some areas and attractions having limited accessibility due to the historic nature of the site.

5. Accommodation

If you want to stay on the island overnight, there are several hotels, hostels, and apartments available, ranging from budget-friendly options to luxurious accommodations.

Insider Tips

1. Visit in the Morning or Late Afternoon

Avoid the crowds and harsh midday sun by visiting Suomenlinna during the morning or late afternoon.

2. Wear Comfortable Shoes

Suomenlinna is a vast area, and you’ll want to explore as much as possible on foot. Wear comfortable shoes to ensure a pleasant visit.

3. Bring Snacks and Water

There are limited dining options on the island, so it’s a good idea to bring some snacks and water to keep you energized throughout your visit.

4. Respect the Environment

Suomenlinna is a protected area, so be sure to respect the environment and wildlife by not littering and keeping to designated paths.

5. Learn Some Finnish Phrases

While many Finns speak excellent English, learning some basic Finnish phrases like “hej” (hello), “kiitos” (thank you), and “ole hyvä” (goodbye) will go a long way in making your visit more enjoyable.

Conclusion

The Fortress of Suomenlinna is an absolute must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Helsinki. With its rich history, stunning architecture, and picturesque surroundings, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is sure to leave you in awe. By following this comprehensive guide, you’ll be well-prepared to make the most of your visit and create unforgettable memories in one of Finland’s most treasured attractions.