Historic Centre of Bukhara

The Historic Centre of Bukhara: A Comprehensive Guide for Tourists

Located in the heart of Uzbekistan, the Historic Centre of Bukhara is a treasure trove of ancient architecture, rich history, and vibrant cultural heritage. This magnificent city has been a significant stop on the Silk Road, a major trade route between East Asia and Europe, for over 2,000 years. The city’s unique blend of Persian, Arabic, and Mongol influences has resulted in an astonishing array of architectural styles, making it a must-visit destination for any traveler.

History of Bukhara

Bukhara’s history dates back to the 6th century BC, when it was a major center of trade and commerce. The city’s strategic location made it an attractive target for various empires, including the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great’s empire, the Arabs, the Mongols, and the Russians. Each of these empires left its mark on the city’s architecture, culture, and traditions.

Must-Visit Attractions

1. Po-i-Kalyan Mosque

The majestic Po-i-Kalyan Mosque is one of Bukhara’s most iconic landmarks. Built in the 8th century, this beautiful mosque has undergone several renovations, resulting in a stunning blend of ancient and modern architectural styles.

  • Tip: Try to visit the mosque at sunrise or sunset to witness its breathtaking beauty.

2. Kalyan Minaret

Standing tall at 47 meters, the Kalyan Minaret is one of the city’s most recognizable symbols. Built in 1127, this majestic minaret has withstood the test of time and continues to dominate Bukhara’s skyline.

  • Tip: Climb to the top of the minaret for a panoramic view of the city.

3. Mir-i-Arab Madrasah

This stunning madrasah (Islamic school) was built in the 16th century and is one of the city’s most impressive architectural achievements. Its intricate tilework, ornate ceilings, and beautiful courtyard make it a must-visit attraction.

  • Tip: Look out for the beautifully crafted wooden doors adorned with intricate carvings.

4. Lyab-i-Hauz Ensemble

This picturesque ensemble consists of three ancient madrasahs, a mosque, and a khanqah (Sufi monastery). The complex is surrounded by a serene pool, creating a peaceful oasis in the heart of the city.

  • Tip: Take a stroll around the pool and enjoy the tranquil atmosphere.

5. Ark of Bukhara

The ancient Ark of Bukhara, also known as the Citadel, dates back to the 5th century BC. This imposing fortress has served as a palace, a prison, and even a military base over the centuries.

  • Tip: Explore the Ark’s museum to learn more about Bukhara’s rich history.

6. Chor Minor

This charming madrasah is often referred to as the “Four Minarets” due to its distinctive architectural style. Built in the 19th century, Chor Minor features intricate tilework and ornate decorations.

  • Tip: Take a closer look at the beautifully crafted wooden doors adorned with carvings of flowers and plants.

7. Bolo Hauz Mosque

This beautiful mosque is one of Bukhara’s oldest, dating back to the 9th century. Its stunning architecture, ornate decorations, and peaceful courtyard make it a must-visit attraction.

  • Tip: Look out for the ancient wooden pillars supporting the mosque’s roof.

8. Nadir Divan-Begi Madrasah

This majestic madrasah was built in the 17th century and features stunning tilework, ornate decorations, and beautiful courtyards.

  • Tip: Explore the madrasah’s museum to learn more about Bukhara’s rich cultural heritage.

9. Abdulaziz Khan Madrasah

Built in the 17th century, this impressive madrasah is one of Bukhara’s most popular attractions. Its stunning architecture, ornate decorations, and peaceful courtyard make it a must-visit destination.

  • Tip: Take a closer look at the beautifully crafted wooden doors adorned with intricate carvings.

10. Jewish Quarter

Bukhara has a rich Jewish heritage, and its Jewish Quarter is a fascinating area to explore. The quarter features several ancient synagogues, including the Great Synagogue, which dates back to the 16th century.

  • Tip: Visit the Bukhara Jewish Museum to learn more about the city’s Jewish community.

Other Attractions

1. Sitorai Mokhi Khosa Palace

This beautiful palace was built in the early 20th century and features stunning architecture, ornate decorations, and beautifully landscaped gardens.

  • Tip: Take a stroll through the palace’s gardens to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere.

2. Bukhara Museum of Applied Arts

This fascinating museum showcases an impressive collection of ancient artifacts, including ceramics, textiles, and jewelry.

  • Tip: Look out for the stunning displays of traditional Uzbek clothing and accessories.

3. Kukeldash Madrasah

Built in the 16th century, this beautiful madrasah features stunning tilework, ornate decorations, and a peaceful courtyard.

  • Tip: Take a closer look at the beautifully crafted wooden doors adorned with intricate carvings.

Tips for Visitors

1. Dress Modestly

Bukhara is a conservative city, and visitors are advised to dress modestly when visiting mosques and madrasahs. Women should cover their hair and wear long-sleeved clothing, while men should avoid shorts and tank tops.

2. Remove Your Shoes

When entering mosques and madrasahs, it’s customary to remove your shoes. You’ll often find shoe racks or shelves at the entrance.

3. Respect Local Customs

Bukhara is a city steeped in tradition and culture. Visitors are advised to respect local customs, especially when interacting with locals or visiting religious sites.

4. Haggling is Expected

When shopping at markets or bazaars, haggling is expected. Be prepared to negotiate prices, but do so politely and respectfully.

5. Try Local Cuisine

Bukhara offers a delicious array of local cuisine, including pilaf, shurpa (a hearty soup), and sambusa (meat-filled pastries). Don’t be afraid to try new dishes and flavors!

Practical Information

1. Getting There

The closest airport is Bukhara International Airport, which receives flights from major cities in Uzbekistan and international destinations.

  • Tip: Take a taxi or bus from the airport to the city center (approximately 10-15 minutes).

2. Accommodation

Bukhara offers a range of accommodation options, from budget-friendly guesthouses to luxury hotels.

  • Tip: Book your accommodation in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.

3. Language

The official language is Uzbek, but many locals speak Russian and some English.

  • Tip: Learn basic phrases in Uzbek, such as “Salam” (hello) and “Rahmat” (thank you).

4. Currency

The local currency is the Uzbek som (UZS). You can exchange currency at banks or currency exchange offices.

  • Tip: Credit cards are not widely accepted, so it’s best to have some cash on hand.

5. Safety

Bukhara is generally a safe city, but take necessary precautions to protect yourself and your belongings.

  • Tip: Avoid traveling alone at night and keep valuables secure.

Conclusion

The Historic Centre of Bukhara is a treasure trove of history, culture, and architecture. With its stunning mosques, madrasahs, and palaces, this magnificent city is a must-visit destination for any traveler. By following these tips and respecting local customs, you’ll be sure to have an unforgettable experience in this incredible city.

Additional Resources