Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa
The Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa: A Comprehensive Guide for Tourists
Located in southern Peru, the city of Arequipa is a treasure trove of history, architecture, and culture. The Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa, also known as the “White City,” is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. This extensive guide will take you on a journey through the city’s rich past, highlighting its most important landmarks, historical significance, and essential information for tourists.
History of Arequipa
Arequipa has a fascinating history that dates back to the 15th century when it was founded by Spanish conquistador Garcí Manuel de Carbajal in 1540. The city’s strategic location, nestled between three volcanoes (Misty Chachani, Sabancaya, and Picchu Picchu), made it an important hub for trade and commerce.
Over the centuries, Arequipa has been shaped by various cultural influences, including indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian immigration. This blend of cultures is reflected in the city’s architecture, cuisine, and traditions.
Main Attractions
1. Plaza de Armas
The heart of the Historical Centre is the stunning Plaza de Armas, surrounded by impressive colonial buildings, cafes, and shops. The square is dominated by the majestic Cathedral of Arequipa, a beautiful example of Spanish Renaissance architecture.
2. Cathedral of Arequipa (La Catedral)
This magnificent cathedral, built between 1544 and 1581, is one of the most impressive in South America. Its façade features intricate stone carvings, while its interior boasts stunning stained-glass windows, ornate chapels, and a beautiful organ.
3. La Compañía Church
This striking church, built by the Jesuits in the 17th century, is renowned for its baroque architecture and exquisite decorations. Admire the intricate carvings, ornate altarpieces, and stunning frescoes that adorn the ceiling.
4. Monastery of Santa Catalina
This vast monastery complex, founded in 1580, is one of the largest in South America. Explore its labyrinthine streets, cloisters, and chapels, which offer a glimpse into the lives of the Dominican nuns who once inhabited it.
5. Museo de Arte Virreinal (Viceroyalty Art Museum)
Located in the former San Agustín Convent, this museum showcases an impressive collection of colonial art, including paintings, sculptures, and textiles from the 16th to 19th centuries.
6. Casa de la Moralidad
This historic mansion, built in the 18th century, was once the residence of the Spanish viceroyalty. Today, it serves as a museum, featuring exhibits on the city’s history, art, and cultural heritage.
Other Notable Landmarks
7. Mercado de San Camilo
Experience the sights, sounds, and aromas of this bustling marketplace, where you can find local produce, handicrafts, and souvenirs.
8. Puente de Fierro (Iron Bridge)
This historic bridge, built in 1871, offers stunning views of the Chili River and is a great spot for photography.
9. Barrio de San Lazaro
Explore this charming neighborhood, known for its colorful buildings, quaint streets, and lively atmosphere.
10. Mirador de Carmen Alto
Enjoy panoramic views of the city from this viewpoint, which offers breathtaking vistas of Arequipa’s volcanic landscape.
Practical Information
Getting There
Arequipa is easily accessible by air or land. The Rodríguez Ballón International Airport (AQP) receives flights from major Peruvian cities and some international destinations. Bus companies like Cruz del Sur and Ormeño operate daily services to Arequipa from Lima, Cusco, and other major cities.
Accommodation
Arequipa offers a range of accommodations, from budget-friendly hostels to luxurious hotels. Book in advance, especially during peak travel seasons (June to August and December).
Transportation
Walking is the best way to explore the Historical Centre, but taxis, buses, and colectivos are also available.
Safety
As with any city, take necessary precautions to stay safe: avoid traveling alone at night, keep valuables secure, and be mindful of pickpocketing in crowded areas.
Tips and Insights
Try Local Cuisine
Indulge in Arequipa’s delicious cuisine, which combines indigenous, Spanish, and African flavors. Be sure to try rocoto relleno, a stuffed pepper dish, and chupe de camarón, a shrimp soup.
Explore Beyond the Centre
Venture beyond the Historical Centre to discover more of Arequipa’s hidden gems, such as the picturesque town of Sabandía or the stunning Colca Canyon.
Respect Local Culture
Remember to respect local customs and traditions, especially when visiting churches and monasteries. Dress modestly, remove your hat, and avoid taking photographs inside religious buildings.
Day Trips and Excursions
1. Colca Canyon
Explore one of the world’s deepest canyons, twice as deep as the Grand Canyon, on a guided hike or by horseback.
2. Sabandía Town
Visit this charming town, known for its traditional architecture, scenic views, and opportunities to interact with local communities.
3. Misti Volcano Trek
Embark on an adventurous trek to the summit of Misti Volcano (5,822 meters), offering breathtaking views of Arequipa and the surrounding landscape.
Conclusion
The Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa is a treasure trove of history, architecture, and culture. This comprehensive guide has provided you with essential information to plan your trip, explore the city’s main attractions, and discover its hidden gems. Remember to respect local customs, try delicious local cuisine, and venture beyond the centre to experience all that Arequipa has to offer.
¡Disfruta tu viaje a Arequipa! (Enjoy your trip to Arequipa!)