Historical Monuments of Mtskheta

The Ancient City of Mtskheta: A Comprehensive Guide to its Historical Monuments

Mtskheta, the former capital of the Kingdom of Georgia, is a treasure trove of historical monuments and architectural wonders. Located at the confluence of the Aragvi and Kura rivers, this ancient city has been a spiritual and cultural hub for thousands of years. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Mtskheta is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, architecture, and culture.

Getting There

Mtskheta is situated approximately 20 kilometers east of Tbilisi, the capital city of Georgia. Visitors can reach Mtskheta by:

  • Taxi: A 30-minute drive from Tbilisi costs around 20-30 GEL (6-10 USD)
  • Bus: Regular buses operate from Tbilisi’s Didube Bus Station to Mtskheta (1 hour, 2-3 GEL or 0.60-1.20 USD)
  • Tour: Book a guided tour that includes transportation from Tbilisi

Historical Monuments

1. Svetitskhoveli Cathedral

This majestic cathedral, built in the 11th century, is one of the most sacred sites in Georgia. Its name, Svetitskhoveli, translates to “The Living Pillar,” referring to a legend about a miraculous pillar that rose from the ground to mark the burial site of Christ’s mantle.

  • Address: Svetitskhoveli St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: 5 GEL (1.60 USD)

2. Jvari Monastery

Perched on a hill overlooking the city, Jvari Monastery dates back to the 6th century. This stunning example of medieval Georgian architecture is surrounded by breathtaking views of Mtskheta and the surrounding mountains.

  • Address: Jvari St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: Free, but donations are appreciated

3. Samtavro Monastery

This charming monastery complex, built in the 11th century, is nestled among lush greenery and features a beautiful church, bell tower, and ancient defensive walls.

  • Address: Samtavro St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: Free, but donations are appreciated

4. Bebristsikhe Castle

This ancient fortress, dating back to the 1st century BC, offers panoramic views of Mtskheta and the surrounding landscape.

  • Address: Bebristsikhe St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: Free

5. Armaztsikhe-Bagineti Archaeological Site

Explore the ancient ruins of Armaztsikhe, a city that flourished in the 3rd century BC. This site features remnants of a royal palace, temples, and other structures.

  • Address: Armaztsikhe St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: Free

6. Shio-Mgvime Monastery

This serene monastery, built in the 12th century, is nestled in a picturesque valley surrounded by mountains.

  • Address: Shio-Mgvime St., Mtskheta
  • Opening Hours: 8 am - 7 pm (April-October), 9 am - 5 pm (November-March)
  • Entrance Fee: Free

Tips and Essentials

Dress Code

Respect local traditions by dressing modestly when visiting monasteries and churches. Avoid revealing clothing, and consider covering your head and shoulders.

Photography

Be mindful of photography restrictions in certain areas, especially inside churches. Always ask permission before taking pictures of locals or sacred objects.

Food and Drink

Try traditional Georgian cuisine at local restaurants, including dishes like khinkali (dumplings), khachapuri (cheese bread), and qvevri (a type of wine). Don’t forget to taste the famous Mtskheta honey!

Accommodation

Mtskheta offers a range of accommodations, from budget-friendly guesthouses to luxurious hotels. Book in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.

Language

While many locals speak some English, learning basic Georgian phrases like “გმერთა” (gamarjoba) for “hello” and “დიახვალი” (madloba) for “thank you” will be appreciated.

Respect Local Customs

Mtskheta is a sacred place for Georgians. Be respectful of local traditions, customs, and religious beliefs to ensure a positive and enriching experience.

Insider’s Tips

  • Visit Mtskheta during the annual Mtskheta Festival, which takes place in October, to experience traditional music, dance, and food.
  • Explore the city’s narrow streets and alleys on foot to discover hidden gems and unexpected views.
  • Take a guided tour to gain a deeper understanding of Mtskheta’s history and cultural significance.

Conclusion

Mtskheta is a treasure trove of historical monuments, rich in culture and spiritual significance. With its stunning architecture, breathtaking natural beauty, and warm hospitality, this ancient city is a must-visit destination for any traveler. By following these guidelines and tips, you’ll be well on your way to experiencing the magic of Mtskheta.

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