Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque

The Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque: A Comprehensive Guide

Located in the heart of Mexico’s Chiapas state, the Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque is a treasure trove of ancient history, architecture, and natural beauty. This guide will take you on an immersive journey through the ruins, temples, and lush surroundings of this magnificent UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History of Palenque

Palenque was once the capital of the Palenque kingdom, a powerful and influential city-state in the Maya civilization. The city flourished from the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE, leaving behind an impressive legacy of architecture, art, and culture.

The Ruins of Palenque

Temple of the Inscriptions

The Temple of the Inscriptions is one of the most iconic structures in Palenque. This majestic temple was built in the 7th century CE and is adorned with intricate carvings and hieroglyphics that tell the story of Palenque’s rulers.

  • Tips: Be sure to climb to the top for breathtaking views of the surrounding jungle. Take your time to appreciate the detailed carvings on the walls, which are some of the best-preserved in Mesoamerica.

The Palace

The Palace is a complex of buildings that served as the residence of Palenque’s rulers. Its architecture is a blend of Maya and Toltec styles, featuring multiple layers, corridors, and courtyards.

  • Insider info: Look for the unique stone carvings depicting Maya deities and mythological creatures.

Temple of the Sun

This temple is one of the most beautifully decorated in Palenque, with intricate stone carvings and stunning frescoes.

  • Must-see: The temple’s inner chamber features a stunning stucco frieze depicting the cycles of life and death in Maya mythology.

Temple of the Cross

This temple is one of the most iconic in Palenque, featuring a distinctive cross-shaped structure. Its walls are adorned with intricate carvings and hieroglyphics that tell the story of Palenque’s rulers.

  • Did you know: The Temple of the Cross was built during the reign of King K’inich Janaab’ Pakal I, one of Palenque’s most influential rulers.

The Ball Courts

Palenque features several ball courts, where the ancient Maya played a sacred game called Tlachtli. This game was believed to have spiritual significance and was played by nobles and priests.

  • Fun fact: The ball used in this game was made of rubber, which was a valuable resource in ancient Mesoamerica.

National Park of Palenque

The National Park of Palenque surrounds the ruins and is home to an incredible array of flora and fauna. The park’s lush jungle is perfect for hiking, birdwatching, or simply taking in the sights and sounds of nature.

Hiking Trails

Palenque offers several hiking trails that range from easy strolls to more challenging treks. These trails take you through the jungle, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

  • Recommendation: Take a guided tour to spot exotic birds, monkeys, and other wildlife.

Waterfalls

The park is home to several stunning waterfalls, including the famous Cascada de Roberto Barrios. These natural wonders are perfect for a refreshing swim or picnic.

  • Safety first: Be sure to follow park rules and regulations when swimming in the waterfalls.

Tips and Essentials

Getting There

Palenque is located about 150 km (93 miles) from Villahermosa, the capital of Tabasco state. You can fly into Villahermosa’s Carlos Rovirosa Pérez International Airport (VSA) or take a bus from nearby cities like San Cristóbal de las Casas.

  • Transportation: Taxis and colectivos (minivans) are available from the airport to Palenque. You can also rent a car or hire a private driver for the day.

Accommodation

Palenque has a range of accommodations, from budget-friendly hostels to luxury resorts. Be sure to book in advance, especially during peak season (December to April).

  • Insider tip: Stay at an eco-lodge or jungle retreat for a more immersive experience.

Food and Drink

Try traditional Maya cuisine, which features dishes like cochinita pibil (slow-roasted pork), papadzules (corn tortillas stuffed with hard-boiled eggs), and tamales. Don’t forget to try some local coffee and chocolate!

  • Must-try: Fresh fruit smoothies made with exotic fruits like guanabana, mango, and pitahaya.

Safety

Palenque is generally a safe destination, but take normal precautions to protect yourself and your belongings. Be mindful of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas or at night.

  • Respect the site: Remember to respect the ruins and park by not touching or removing any artifacts, plants, or wildlife.

Additional Resources

Official Website

www.palenque.com

Tourist Information Office

Av. Juárez s/n, Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico

Phone: +52 (916) 345-0363

Email: turismo.palenque@gmail.com

  • “The Ancient Maya” by Robert J. Sharer
  • “Palenque: The Ceremonial City of the Maya” by Merle Greene Robertson

Conclusion

The Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, culture, and nature. With its stunning architecture, lush jungle surroundings, and rich cultural heritage, Palenque is an unforgettable experience that will leave you in awe of the ancient Maya civilization.

Remember to:

  • Respect the site and park
  • Take your time to appreciate the intricate carvings and hieroglyphics
  • Explore the surrounding jungle and waterfalls
  • Try traditional Maya cuisine and local specialties
  • Book accommodations and tours in advance

Happy travels!