Royal Building of I Mafra I Palace Basilica Convent I Cerco I Garden and Hunting Park I Tapada I

The Royal Building of Mafra: A Comprehensive Guide

Located in the charming town of Mafra, Portugal, the Royal Building of Mafra is a majestic complex comprising a palace, basilica, convent, Cerco Garden, and Hunting Park (Tapada). This stunning architectural ensemble was built in the 18th century as a tribute to King João V’s devotion to God and his people. In this guide, we’ll delve into the history, architecture, and attractions of each component, providing tourists with essential information to plan their visit.

Palace of Mafra

History

The Palace of Mafra was constructed between 1717 and 1755 as a summer residence for King João V. The monarch’s intention was to create a symbol of his power and wealth, while also providing a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of Lisbon.

Architecture

The palace is an exemplary representation of Baroque architecture in Portugal. Designed by German architect Johann Friedrich Ludwig, the building features a symmetrical façade with a central dome, flanked by two towers. The exterior is made of limestone, while the interior boasts intricate marble work, gilded decorations, and ornate furnishings.

Must-see Attractions

  • The Throne Room: Adorned with gold leaf and crimson velvet, this majestic space was used for official receptions and ceremonies.
  • The King’s Bedroom: A testament to royal opulence, this chamber features a stunning canopy bed, adorned with precious fabrics and embroidery.
  • The Hall of Mirrors: This breathtaking room is lined with ornate mirrors, creating an illusion of infinite reflections.

Basilica of Mafra

History

Consecrated in 1730, the Basilica of Mafra was built as a token of gratitude to God for the king’s recovery from illness. The basilica also served as a private chapel for the royal family.

Architecture

Designed by Italian architect Nicola Michetti, the basilica is an exemplary example of Baroque-Rococo architecture in Portugal. The façade features a grandiose entrance, adorned with statues and ornate carvings. The interior boasts an impressive dome, decorated with frescoes and intricate stucco work.

Must-see Attractions

  • The Main Altarpiece: A masterpiece of Baroque art, this gilded altarpiece is adorned with precious stones and intricate carvings.
  • The Organ: Built in the 18th century, this magnificent instrument features over 6,000 pipes and is still played during special events.

Convent of Mafra

History

Founded in 1717, the Convent of Mafra was established to provide a spiritual retreat for the Franciscan Order. The convent’s construction was integral to the king’s vision of creating a self-sustaining complex.

Architecture

The convent is a fine example of Baroque architecture, featuring simple yet elegant lines, with a focus on functionality and simplicity.

Must-see Attractions

  • The Cloisters: These serene spaces offer a peaceful atmosphere, perfect for contemplation.
  • The Refectory: This grand dining hall features a beautifully painted ceiling and is still used by the Franciscan community.

Cerco Garden

History

Designed in the 18th century as a recreational space for the royal family, the Cerco Garden is a tranquil oasis within the complex.

Architecture

The garden’s layout is characterized by geometric paths, fountains, and ornate statues. The surrounding walls are adorned with azulejos (blue-glazed tiles), depicting scenes from mythology and Portuguese history.

Must-see Attractions

  • The Fountain of Neptune: A majestic fountain featuring a statue of the sea god, surrounded by mythological creatures.
  • The Rose Garden: A serene space filled with over 100 varieties of roses, offering a peaceful atmosphere.

Hunting Park (Tapada)

History

Established in the 18th century as a private hunting reserve for King João V, the Tapada is a vast park covering over 1,200 hectares.

Attractions

  • Wildlife Watching: The park is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including deer, wild boar, and bird species.
  • Hiking Trails: Explore the park’s scenic trails, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.

Practical Information

Opening Hours

The Royal Building of Mafra is open from 9:30 AM to 5:30 PM (last admission at 4:45 PM).

Ticket Prices

  • Adults: €6.00
  • Reduced ticket (seniors, students): €3.00
  • Children under 12: Free

Getting There

The Royal Building of Mafra is located in the town of Mafra, approximately 30 km northwest of Lisbon.

  • By Car: Take the A8 highway from Lisbon and exit at Mafra.
  • By Public Transportation: Take the bus (Scotturb) or train (CP) from Lisbon to Mafra.

Guided Tours

Guided tours are available in Portuguese, English, French, Spanish, and Italian. Audio guides are also available for visitors who prefer to explore independently.

Tips and Recommendations

  • Wear Comfortable Shoes: The complex is vast, so be prepared for a lot of walking.
  • Bring Sunscreen and Water: The park and gardens can get hot during the summer months.
  • Respect the Royal Chapel’s Dress Code: Visitors are asked to dress modestly when visiting the basilica.
  • Combine Your Visit with Local Experiences: Explore Mafra’s charming town center, try local cuisine, and visit the nearby beaches.

By following this comprehensive guide, tourists can ensure a memorable and enriching experience at the Royal Building of Mafra. This magnificent complex is a testament to Portugal’s rich history, architecture, and culture, making it an absolute must-visit destination for anyone traveling to the region.