Royal Building of Mafra Palace Basilica Convent Cerco Garden and Hunting Park Tapada

The Royal Building of Mafra: A Comprehensive Guide

Located in the picturesque town of Mafra, Portugal, the Royal Building of Mafra is a stunning Baroque complex comprising a palace, basilica, convent, Cerco Garden, and Hunting Park (Tapada). This magnificent structure was built in the 18th century during the reign of King João V and is considered one of the most impressive architectural achievements of its time. In this guide, we will delve into the history, architecture, and attractions of each component of the Royal Building of Mafra, providing tourists with a comprehensive understanding of what to expect from their visit.

History

The Royal Building of Mafra was constructed between 1717 and 1755, during the reign of King João V. The king’s original intention was to build a convent for the Franciscan friars, but the project soon expanded to include a palace, basilica, and hunting park. The complex was designed by German architect Johann Friedrich Ludwig, who incorporated Baroque and Rococo styles into his design.

Palace

The Palace of Mafra is an impressive structure that served as a royal residence for King João V and his family. The palace features 1,200 rooms, including:

  • State Rooms: These opulent rooms were used for official events and receptions. They are adorned with intricate frescoes, gilded moldings, and exquisite furnishings.
  • Private Quarters: The private quarters of the royal family feature more intimate spaces, including bedrooms, dining rooms, and salons.
  • Library: The palace library boasts an impressive collection of rare books and manuscripts, including works by famous Portuguese authors.

Basilica

The Basilica of Mafra is a stunning example of Baroque architecture in Portugal. This beautiful church features:

  • Main Altar: The main altar is adorned with intricate carvings, gilded decorations, and ornate statues.
  • Side Chapels: The basilica has several side chapels, each dedicated to a different saint or devotion.
  • Pipe Organ: The basilica’s pipe organ is one of the largest in Europe, with over 6,000 pipes.

Convent

The Convent of Mafra was originally built for the Franciscan friars but now serves as a museum and cultural center. The convent features:

  • Museum: The museum showcases exhibits on the history of the Royal Building of Mafra, as well as temporary art exhibitions.
  • Chapel: The convent chapel is a peaceful space with stunning stained-glass windows and ornate altarpieces.
  • Cloisters: The convent’s cloisters are surrounded by beautiful gardens and offer a tranquil atmosphere.

Cerco Garden

The Cerco Garden is a charming green space within the Royal Building of Mafra complex. This garden features:

  • Fountains: The garden has several ornate fountains, adding to its beauty and tranquility.
  • Statues: The garden is adorned with statues of mythological figures and Portuguese monarchs.
  • Walking Paths: Visitors can stroll along the garden’s walking paths, taking in the sights and sounds of nature.

Hunting Park (Tapada)

The Hunting Park, also known as Tapada, is a vast area of forest and countryside surrounding the Royal Building of Mafra. This park offers:

  • Wildlife: The park is home to a variety of wildlife, including deer, wild boar, and birds.
  • Walking Trails: Visitors can explore the park’s many walking trails, ranging from easy strolls to more challenging hikes.
  • Picnic Areas: The park has several picnic areas, perfect for families or groups looking to enjoy a meal in nature.

Practical Information

Getting There

The Royal Building of Mafra is located in the town of Mafra, approximately 30 kilometers northwest of Lisbon. Visitors can reach Mafra by car, bus, or train.

Opening Hours

The palace, basilica, convent, and Cerco Garden are open from 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM, October to March, and from 9:00 AM to 6:30 PM, April to September. The Hunting Park is open year-round during daylight hours.

Tickets

Tickets can be purchased at the ticket office or online in advance. Visitors can choose between a single ticket for one component of the complex or a combined ticket for all areas.

Guided Tours

Guided tours are available in Portuguese, English, French, Spanish, and Italian. These tours provide a deeper understanding of the history and architecture of the Royal Building of Mafra.

Accessibility

The palace, basilica, convent, and Cerco Garden are partially accessible to visitors with mobility impairments. The Hunting Park has several accessible walking trails.

Tips and Insights

  • Plan Your Visit: With so much to see, it’s essential to plan your visit in advance. Consider purchasing a combined ticket and allowing at least half a day for each component of the complex.
  • Dress Code: Visitors are requested to dress modestly when visiting the basilica and convent.
  • Photography: Non-flash photography is permitted in most areas of the complex, but tripods and commercial photography require prior authorization.
  • Food and Drink: There are several restaurants and cafes within the complex, offering a range of traditional Portuguese cuisine and refreshments.

Conclusion

The Royal Building of Mafra is an awe-inspiring complex that offers something for everyone. From its stunning architecture to its rich history and beautiful gardens, this attraction is a must-visit for anyone traveling to Portugal. With careful planning and attention to detail, visitors can ensure a memorable and enjoyable experience at the Royal Building of Mafra.