The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera

The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Matera, a city in the region of Basilicata, Italy, is a unique and fascinating destination that boasts an extraordinary cultural and natural heritage. The Sassi di Matera (Stones of Matera) and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches are two of the most impressive attractions in the city, and this guide will delve into their history, significance, and what visitors can expect to see and experience.

The Sassi di Matera

History

The Sassi di Matera are a complex of cave dwellings that date back to the Paleolithic era. For centuries, the inhabitants of Matera lived in these caves, which were carved out of the soft limestone rock known as “tufa.” The caves provided natural insulation and protection from the elements, making them an ideal place to live.

Over time, the Sassi grew and developed into a complex network of dwellings, streets, and alleys. Despite being inhabited for thousands of years, the Sassi were largely abandoned in the mid-20th century due to poor living conditions and lack of modern amenities.

In the 1950s, the Italian government forcibly relocated the residents of the Sassi to more modern housing on the outskirts of the city. The area was left to decay, but in the 1980s and 1990s, a group of local entrepreneurs and artists began to restore and renovate the caves.

Today, the Sassi di Matera are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions in Italy.

What to See

The Sassi di Matera are divided into two main areas: the Sasso Barisano and the Sasso Caveoso. Visitors can explore the narrow streets and alleys, taking in the stunning views of the surrounding countryside.

Some highlights include:

  • Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario: A restored cave dwelling that showcases what life was like for the inhabitants of the Sassi.
  • Chiesa di San Pietro Barisano: A beautiful church carved out of the rock face, featuring stunning frescoes and a tranquil atmosphere.
  • Piazza del Sedile: The main square of the Sasso Barisano, surrounded by cafes, shops, and restaurants.

The Park of the Rupestrian Churches

History

The Park of the Rupestrian Churches is a protected area that encompasses the Sassi di Matera and several surrounding hills. The park is home to numerous ancient rock-cut churches, many of which date back to the 9th century.

These churches were built by early Christian monks who sought refuge in the caves and hills of Matera. Over time, the churches fell into disrepair, but in recent years, restoration efforts have brought these hidden gems back to life.

What to See

The Park of the Rupestrian Churches is a treasure trove of history, architecture, and natural beauty. Some highlights include:

  • Chiesa di San Falcione: A beautiful rock-cut church featuring stunning frescoes and a peaceful atmosphere.
  • Chiesa di Madonna delle Virtù: A 10th-century church built into the side of a hill, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
  • Chiesa di Santa Lucia alle Malve: A charming church with intricate stone carvings and ornate decorations.

Tips for Visiting

Getting There

Matera is easily accessible by car or public transportation. The city is located near the intersection of the SS7 and SS96 highways, making it a convenient stop for those traveling through southern Italy.

There are several parking lots throughout the city, including one near the Sassi di Matera and another near the Park of the Rupestrian Churches.

Admission

Admission to the Sassi di Matera is free, although some attractions within the area may charge a small fee. The Park of the Rupestrian Churches requires a ticket, which can be purchased at the park’s information office or online in advance.

Guided Tours

Guided tours are available for both the Sassi di Matera and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches. These tours provide valuable insights into the history and significance of the area, as well as access to areas that may not be open to the general public.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit the Sassi di Matera and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches is during the spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October). These periods offer mild weather, fewer tourists, and a more relaxed atmosphere.

Summer can be quite hot in Matera, especially in the Sassi, which are built into the hillside. Winter can be chilly, but the area takes on a peaceful, serene quality that is well worth experiencing.

Accommodation

Matera offers a range of accommodations to suit all budgets and preferences. From luxury hotels to budget-friendly B&Bs, there’s something for everyone.

Some popular options include:

  • Hotel Sassi: A luxurious hotel located in the heart of the Sasso Barisano.
  • B&B La Casa di Lucio: A charming B&B with comfortable rooms and a warm, welcoming atmosphere.
  • Agriturismo Le Cantine: A rural farm stay offering rustic accommodations and delicious local cuisine.

Dining

Matera is renowned for its delicious local cuisine, which features fresh produce, artisanal cheeses, and exceptional wines. Some popular dishes include:

  • Fava beans with pecorino cheese: A classic Lucanian dish featuring creamy fava beans served with a tangy pecorino cheese.
  • Pancotto: A hearty soup made with vegetables, bread, and olive oil.
  • Caponata: A sweet and sour eggplant relish served as an antipasto.

Some popular restaurants include:

  • Ristorante Francesca: A cozy restaurant serving traditional Lucanian cuisine in the heart of the Sasso Barisano.
  • Trattoria del Corso: A bustling trattoria offering delicious pasta dishes and a lively atmosphere.
  • Osteria Pico: A charming osteria serving creative, farm-to-table cuisine.

Shopping

Matera is home to several unique shops selling local handicrafts, artisanal products, and souvenirs. Some popular options include:

  • Bottega dei Sassi: A charming shop selling handmade ceramics, textiles, and jewelry.
  • Libreria dell’Arco: A cozy bookstore offering a wide range of titles on local history, culture, and literature.
  • Mercato Coperto: A bustling marketplace selling fresh produce, artisanal cheeses, and local specialties.

Safety

Matera is generally a very safe city, with low crime rates. However, as with any popular tourist destination, it’s always a good idea to take some basic precautions:

  • Be mindful of your belongings, especially in crowded areas.
  • Avoid walking alone in isolated areas at night.
  • Keep an eye on your children and make sure they’re accompanied by an adult.

Accessibility

The Sassi di Matera and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches are generally accessible to visitors with mobility impairments. However, some areas may be difficult to navigate due to the rough terrain and steep inclines.

Visitors with mobility impairments are advised to:

  • Contact the park’s information office in advance to arrange for assistance or accommodations.
  • Bring a companion or guide to assist with navigation.
  • Wear comfortable shoes and clothing suitable for walking.

Conclusion

The Sassi di Matera and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches are two of Italy’s most unique and fascinating attractions. With their rich history, stunning natural beauty, and warm hospitality, they offer an unforgettable experience for visitors from around the world.

Whether you’re a history buff, a nature lover, or simply looking for a unique cultural experience, Matera has something for everyone. So why not start planning your trip today?